How to write meta title tags for SEO (with good and bad examples)

What is a title tag? How do you write one? Why are title tags important? Do they actually help with search engine optimisation? Can I see some good and bad examples?
Following on from our blockbusting guide 22 SEO essentials for optimising your site, I thought I’d follow up the advice on title tags and answer all of the above questions.
If you just want a quick guide to optimising title tags, click here to jump to the checklist section.
For the rest of you, first lets talk about meta tags in general:

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